Looking after your health is about more than treating an illness when symptoms appear. Regular health assessments can help identify potential health concerns, monitor existing conditions and support informed decisions about your wellbeing.

While not everyone needs the same tests at the same age, there are several important health checks adults should discuss with their GP before turning 40. Your medical history, family history, lifestyle and individual risk factors will help determine which assessments are appropriate for you.

Here are five health checks worth discussing with your GP.

1. Blood Pressure Check

High blood pressure often develops without noticeable symptoms, yet it can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke and kidney problems.

A blood pressure check measures the force of blood against your artery walls. Regular monitoring can help identify elevated readings and determine whether further assessment is needed.

Why it matters:

• Helps identify high blood pressure.
• Supports early management of cardiovascular risk.
• Helps monitor changes over time.

How often should you have it?

The recommended frequency depends on your previous readings, age and risk factors. Your GP can advise how often you should have your blood pressure checked.

2. Cholesterol and Heart Health Assessment

Cholesterol is a type of fat in your blood that your body needs in appropriate amounts. However, unhealthy cholesterol levels can contribute to plaque build-up in the arteries and increase cardiovascular risk.

A blood test may measure total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Your GP may also consider factors such as smoking, blood pressure, diabetes and family history when assessing your overall heart health.

Why it matters:

• Helps identify unhealthy cholesterol levels.
• Supports assessment of cardiovascular risk.
• Helps guide lifestyle changes and treatment when appropriate.

Who should consider it?

Your GP can advise whether cholesterol testing is appropriate based on your age, medical history and individual risk factors.

3. Blood Glucose and Diabetes Risk Check

Type 2 diabetes can develop gradually, and some people may not notice symptoms in its early stages.

Depending on your circumstances, your GP may recommend a blood glucose test or HbA1c test to assess your blood sugar levels.

Why it matters:

• Helps identify elevated blood glucose levels.
• Can help detect diabetes or prediabetes when testing is indicated.
• Supports early management to reduce the risk of complications.

Who may need testing?

Testing may be particularly important if you have a family history of diabetes, a history of gestational diabetes, certain metabolic risk factors or other recognised risk factors.

Your GP can recommend the appropriate test and testing interval.

4. Skin Health and Skin Cancer Assessment

Spending time outdoors is part of everyday life for many Australians. However, exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation increases the risk of skin damage and skin cancer.

Checking your skin regularly can help you notice new or changing spots. Look for changes in the size, shape or colour of a mole, a sore that does not heal, or a spot that looks different from others.

Why it matters:

• Helps you recognise changes in your skin.
• Supports timely assessment of suspicious spots.
• Allows your GP to assess concerns and discuss further investigation if required.

When should you see your GP?

Arrange an appointment if you notice a new or changing lesion, a sore that does not heal, or a spot that concerns you. Your GP can assess whether further examination or referral is needed.

People with a history of skin cancer, significant sun exposure, many moles or a family history of melanoma may need an individualised approach to skin checks.

5. Cervical Screening and Other Age-Appropriate Preventive Checks

Preventive health checks vary depending on your age, sex, medical history and individual risk factors. For some adults, this includes cervical screening, while others may benefit from different assessments or screening programs.

In Australia, eligible people aged 25 to 74 who have a cervix are generally recommended to have a cervical screening test every five years. The test checks for human papillomavirus (HPV), which can cause cervical cell changes.

Other preventive care may include reviewing vaccinations, discussing sexual health, assessing mental wellbeing and checking whether any age- or risk-based screening is appropriate.

Why it matters:

• Helps identify certain health risks before symptoms develop.
• Supports timely follow-up when results require further assessment.
• Keeps preventive care aligned with your age and health history.

What should you do?

Speak with your GP about which preventive checks are recommended for you. Your clinician can explain the benefits, limitations and appropriate timing of each assessment.

When Should You Book a Health Check?

You do not need to wait until you turn 40 to start looking after your health. Regular GP appointments can help you understand your personal risk factors and identify preventive steps suited to your circumstances.

Consider booking an appointment if:

• You have not had a health assessment in some time.
• You have a family history of certain medical conditions.
• You have concerns about blood pressure, cholesterol or blood glucose.
• You notice an unusual or changing skin spot.
• You want to review your vaccinations or age-appropriate screening.
• You would like guidance on improving your lifestyle and long-term health.

Your GP can help you prioritise the checks that are most relevant to you.